Mission San Xavier del Bac
Gaona, Ignacio
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Alternate file
Alternative Title
White Dove of the Desert
Date
1783-1797Description
Open cortile outside mortuary chapel; former burying ground lined with Stations of the Cross; The mission was first founded in 1692 by Jesuits, but the present Mission building was constructed under the direction of Franciscan fathers Juan Bautista Velderrain and Juan Bautista Llorenz between 1783 and 1797. With 7,000 pesos borrowed from a Sonoran rancher, they hired architect Ignacio Gaona, who employed a large workforce of Tohono O'odham (formerly known as Papago) Indians to create the church. They used traditional mud plaster (over low-fire clay brick and stone) incorporating pulp from the prickly pear cactus that “breathes” better and allows excess water to escape. The Mission today is governed by the Tohono O'odham San Xavier Indian Reservation; the building is on the U.S. National Register and the National Landmark lists. The Mission complex includes the church, mortuary chapel, school and convent. Source: Wikipedia; http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page (accessed 6/15/2015)
Type of Work
convent; pilgrimage churchSubject
architecture, Franciscans, Jesuits, Native North Americans, Restoration and conservation, Spain--Colonies--America, Papago Indians, Spanish Colonial, Baroque
Rights
Rights Statement
Licensed for educational and research use by the MIT community only